Preventing Injuries
Effective injury prevention involves a host of measures such as physical preparation (e.g. conditioning, warming-up, stretching and cooling-down); skill and technique development; use of protective equipment; enforcement of game laws; rule/law changes; and the management of general safety issues by administrators, coaches, referees and other personnel. The following safety tips apply to all players, irrespective of the level of play.
Physical Preparation
- Players should undertake physical pre-season preparation during the off-season, and obtain advice on their conditioning program from either a coach or fitness advisor.
- Players should develop their individual and team skills, with guidance from their coach, before playing in competitive situations.
Pre-participation Screening
- New players and those older than 35 years, should consider undergoing preparticipation medical screening, with a qualified and experienced practitioner (e.g. sports physician or a general practitioner with sports medicine interest). Players should be prepared to accept the advice of a sports medicine professional that they should not play if they have a condition that places them at risk of injury.
Warm-up and Cool-down Procedures
- A standard warm-up (15-30min) should consist of aerobic activity, stretching and skills practice immediately before a game.
- Players should follow a regular stretching programme to increase and maintain flexibility.
- Players should use correct techniques for regular stretching. Regular checking by a coach or trainer is advised.
Safety during the game
- Tackling should be the focus of regular skills training and be progressively introduced to players.
- At the breakdown, players should try to remain on their feet. Training of team play for the breakdown is important, as is the prevention of foul play.
- Correct techniques for de-powering the scrum as specified by the ARU must be followed at all times.
- Mouthguards should be worn at all times during games and practices in which impacts to the teeth and jaw are possible. Players, especially those in more vulnerable positions and higher grades, should choose custom-fabricated mouthguards.
- Mouthguards should be replaced every two years or when damaged or deteriorated.
- Players should recognise that injuries to either themselves or other players can still occur with the use of protective equipment.
- Injured players should return to play only after appropriate rehabilitation to regain their strength, fitness and mobility.
- Players should only wear correct footwear, as specified by Law 4, which is maintained to allow for optimal training and the rehabilitation of injuries.
- Players with a previous severe injury should consult their sports medicine practitioner about the value of using protective equipment in their individual case.